April 2010
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Full HD movie recording makes full use of the EOS system’s exquisite image quality

Photo 1: Rear panel of the EOS Kiss X4
(monitor image is superimposed)
This month’s technical report features EOS Movie, the movie recording function found in Canon’s digital SLR cameras.
The origin of EOS Movie
The EOS 5D Mark II (launched in November 2008) was the first EOS camera to come with EOS Movie. It won praise from thousands of customers for the caliber of its movie images. Until this time, movie recording was only available as a secondary feature on compact digital cameras, but by capitalizing on the potential of our large CMOS sensors and advances to the DIGIC imaging engine, we were able to create high-quality movie recording suitable for SLRs. Currently, as of March 2010, EOS Movie is available in five SLR models, ranging from entry to professional models.
This month, we introduce the many outstanding functions of EOS Movie.
EOS Movie advantages

This frame was taken a Full HD movie:
EOS-1D Mark IV, EF 50mm f/1.8 II, f/2.2, 1/30 sec.,
ISO 12800, 30fps
Example 1: Movie shot in the dark
(where the naked eye has difficulty making out objects)
●Advantage 1: Superb performance in dark scenes
EOS Movie’s true capabilities can be experienced when recording scenes so dark they are difficult to see with the naked eye. Even in scenes like these, with EOS Movie, users can shoot exceptional quality movies handheld without using large lighting rigs (see Example 1).
●Advantage 2: Gorgeous images
EOS Movie can capture movies with the same beautiful bokeh found in still images by taking advantage of the superior optical characteristics of EF and EF-S lenses (see Example 2). Shrinking the depth of field by opening the aperture softens the background and makes it possible to obtain fresh scenes that emphasize the subject, create an ethereal sensation, and convey a feeling of depth.
●Advantage 3: Rich selection of interchangeable lenses for a wealth of creative possibilities
EOS Movie can make use of our extensive line of interchangeable lenses for EOS cameras - from fisheyes to super-telephotos, macros, and perspective-control TS-E lenses - to create all sorts of creative movie effects (see Example 3).
Next, let’s take a tour of EOS Movie.

This frame was taken from a Full HD movie:
EOS 7D, EF 50mm f/1.4 USM, f/1.4, 1/1600 sec., ISO 100, 30fps
Example 2: Movie shot with a shallow depth of field

This frame was taken from a Full HD movie:
EOS 5D Mark II, EF 15mm f/2.8 fisheye lens,
f/11, 1/125 sec., ISO 200, 30fps
Example 3: Movie shot with a full-frame fisheye lens
Tour of EOS Movie features

Figure 1: Comparison of sensor sizes
●Large CMOS sensor
The CMOS imaging sensors in EOS cameras come in three sizes: 35mm full-frame, APS-H, and APS-C (from largest to smallest). Just how large these sensors are is clear when compared with the 1/3-inch imaging sensors of ordinary video cameras (see Figure 1).
But having large sensors is not enough. We worked to reduce noise and boost sensitivity by increasing the amount of light captured by each sensor pixel, and we worked to lower power consumption to a level suitable for Live View shooting and movie recording. Another factor behind EOS Movie’s superb image quality is the synergy between the sensor and the high-speed, feature-rich image processing of the high-performance DIGIC 4 imaging engine (Photo 2).
●Recording sizes and frame rates

Photo 2: DIGIC 4 circuit board
(EOS-1D Mark IV)
(1) Recording sizes
There are three recording size options: Full HD (1920 x 1080 pixels, 16:9 aspect ratio), HD (1280 x 720 pixels, 16:9 aspect ratio), and SD (640 x 480 pixels, 4:3 aspect ratio). (The EOS 5D Mark II has only two options: Full HD and SD).

Figure 2: Recording size/
frame rate selection window
(EOS Kiss X4)
(2) Frame rates
Table 1 gives the combinations of recording sizes and frame rates available. NTSC is the video format used in Japan and North America, while PAL is used in most other areas. 24fps is the most common frame rate used for cinema applications.
The EOS Kiss X4 is the first EOS model to offer the Movie Crop function. Movie Crop records a rectangular 640-x-480-pixel block in the center of the sensor. Movie Crop produces a telephoto effect comparable to a 7x magnification over normal shooting. Figure 2 shows the EOS Kiss X4’s selection window.
| Model | Movie Recording Size | Frame Rate [fps]*4 | Video Output Format | Image Recording | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size | Resolution *3 | Displayed | Actual | NTSC | PAL | ||
| EOS-1D Mark IV EOS 7D EOS Kiss X4 |
1920 × 1080 | Full HD | 30 | 29.97 | Yes | Progressive | |
| 25 | 25.00 | Yes | |||||
| 24 | 23.976 | Yes | Yes | ||||
| 1280 × 720 | HD | 60 | 59.94 | Yes | |||
| 50 | 50.00 | Yes | |||||
| 640 × 480 | SD | 60 | 59.94 | Yes | |||
| 50 | 50.00 | Yes | |||||
| Movie Crop 640 × 480 *2 |
SD | 60 | 59.94 | Yes | |||
| 50 | 50.00 | Yes | |||||
| EOS 5D Mark II *1 |
1920 × 1080 | Full HD | 30 | 29.97 | Yes | ||
| 25 | 25.00 | Yes | |||||
| 24 | 23.976 | Yes | Yes | ||||
| 640 × 480 | SD | 30 | 29.97 | Yes | |||
| 25 | 25.00 | Yes | |||||
| EOS Kiss X3 | 1920 × 1080 | Full HD | 20 | 20.00 | Yes | Yes | |
| 1280 × 720 | HD | 30 | 30.00 | Yes | Yes | ||
| 640 × 480 | SD | 30 | 30.00 | Yes | Yes | ||
Table 1: Movie recording sizes and frame rates
*1 Firmware Ver. 2.0.3 or newer
*2 Available only on the EOS Kiss X4
*3 Full HD: full high definition; HD: high definition; SD: standard definition
*4 fps: frames per second
●Movie-recording exposure modes
When shooting movies, center-weighted averaging metering using the camera’s CMOS sensor is used. If the Face Detection Live AF mode is active, the camera will use evaluative metering linked to the AF frame chosen by face detection.
(1) Auto exposure
The camera automatically controls the exposure to suit the scene’s brightness. (Program AE for movies).

Figure 3: Histogram display
(EOS 5D Mark II)
(2) Manual exposure
In this mode, the user manually sets the shutter speed and aperture before shooting.
Fine exposure adjustments can be done while viewing the scene on the monitor or while watching the exposure level, which is displayed by holding the shutter button halfway down.
A firmware update (Ver. 2.0.3) for the EOS 5D Mark II adds a function that displays a histogram (Figure 3) while shooting a movie in manual exposure.
Users can also use auto ISO or select the ISO manually. With auto ISO, the camera will automatically select the ISO that gives the standard exposure profile for the scene’s brightness.
(3) Tv and Av priority
A firmware update (Ver. 2.0.3) for the EOS 5D Mark II adds two more exposure control modes: Shutter-priority AE (Tv) and Aperture-priority AE (Av). These additions allow the user to apply the effects of each mode to movies with the same feel as still photography.
●Picture effects in movies
The selected Picture Style as well as white balance, auto lighting optimizer, and peripheral illumination correction settings are applied to movie recordings.
●Audio recording
Movie audio recorded with the built-in microphone (Photo 3) is monaural . Stereo recording is possible by connecting an external stereo microphone to the 3.5mm-diameter stereo mini plug (not available on the EOS Kiss X3). Audio is recorded in an uncompressed linear PCM format, which has the same audio quality as CDs. Recording level is adjusted automatically.
A firmware update (Ver. 2.0.3) for the EOS 5D Mark II adds the ability to manually adjust recording levels (Figure 4). Under the menu option “Sound recording,” the recording level can be adjusted in 64 steps while watching the sound level meter display.

Photo 3: Built-in microphone (EOS Kiss X4)

Figure 4: Recording level adjustment window
(EOS 5D Mark II)
●Shooting still images while recording a movie
Fully depressing the shutter button while recording a movie will immediately take one still image using the current still-image settings. Movie recording is paused momentarily while the still image is taken. The movie recording will resume after the still image is taken. A paused image will be recorded in the movie for approximately one second. Although the movie and the still image are recorded separately, the movie will be generated as one continuous file.
●Movie playback
(1)Playback on an HD TV (recommended)
The camera’s controls can be used to play movies on an HD TV by simply connecting the camera to the TV with an HDMI cable (sold separately). The camera selects the output resolution and the scanning method based on the connected TV’s capabilities so that the user can enjoy the highest image quality. Still images can also be enjoyed in stunning HD quality with this setup.
(2)Playback on a computer
It is also possible to play back movies on a computer using the bundled software (ZoomBrowser EX/ImageBrowser), but because of the data processing speeds involved a high-performance computer (Core 2 Duo 2.6 GHz CPU or better, and 2 GB of RAM or more) is necessary for smooth playback.
●Movie editing
(1) In-camera editing (starting and ending cuts only)
Most cameras let the user make cuts at the start or end of a recorded movie in one-second increments with the camera controls. (See Table 2 for models with this function.) The edited movie file can be saved separately from the original file.
(2) Editing with a computer
Still images can be taken from movie files downloaded to a computer using the bundled software (ZoomBrowser EX/ImageBrowser). Other convenient editing features include splicing movie files, adding titles, and inserting background music.
Media writing speeds

Figure 5: Movie writing status indicator
For smooth movie recording, we recommend a CF card with a write speed of at least 8MB/second or a SD card with an SD speed class 6 or higher. When a slower card is used, a five-bar writing-status indicator (Figure 5) will appear on the right side of the monitor. If all five bars light up (meaning the buffer is full), movie recording will stop automatically. The indicator will not appear if the card’s write speed is fast enough.
■This concludes our look at EOS Movie. Why not try out all the advantages of EOS Movie in your next movie?
Table 2 provides the main specifications of all five EOS models that include EOS Movie.
| Item | EOS-1D Mark IV | EOS 5D Mark II *1 | EOS 7D | EOS Kiss X4 | EOS Kiss X3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imaging sensor | Imaging sensor type | CMOS | ← | ← | ← | ← | |||
| Effective megapixels [approx. megapixels] |
16.1 | 21.1 | 18 | ← | 15.1 | ||||
| Sensor size [approx. mm] | 27.9 × 18.6 (APS-H size) |
36 × 24 (35mm full frame size) |
22.3 × 14.9 (APS-C size) |
← | ← | ||||
| Recording | Recording media | CF / SD / SDHC cards |
CF cards (UDMA compatible) |
← | SD / SDHC / SDXC cards |
SD / SDHC cards |
|||
| Image processor | Dual DIGIC 4 | DIGIC 4 | Dual DIGIC 4 | DIGIC 4 | ← | ||||
| A/D conversion [bits] | 14 | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Recording pixels [approx. megapixels] |
JPEG | Large | 16.00 | 21.00 | 17.90 | ← | 15.10 | ||
| Middle | - | 11.10 | 8.00 | ← | ← | ||||
| Middle1 / Middle2 |
12.40 / 8.40 | - / - | - / - | - / - | - / - | ||||
| Small | 4.00 | 5.20 | 4.50 | ← | 3.70 | ||||
| RAW | RAW | 16.00 | 21.00 | 17.90 | ← | 15.10 | |||
| M-RAW / S-RAW |
9.00 / 4.00 | - / - | 10.10 / 4.50 | - / - | - / - | ||||
| S-RAW1 / S-RAW2 |
- / - | 10.00 / 5.20 | - / - | - / - | - / - | ||||
| Picture Styles | Yes | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Auto Lighting Optimizer | Yes | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Lens peripheral illumination correction | Yes | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Highlight tone priority | Yes | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| White balance [settings] | 9 | ← | ← | 8 | ← | ||||
| Viewfinder | Magnification (approx. -1m-1, 50mm, infinity)/ Coverage [approx. %] |
0.76 / 100 | 0.71 / 98 | 1.0 / 100 | 0.87 / 95 | 0.87 / 95 | |||
| Eyepoint [approx. mm] | 20 | 21 | 22 | 19 | ← | ||||
| Dioptric adjustment [dpt] | - 3.0 to +1.0 m-1 | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Shutter | Shutter speeds [sec.] | 1/8000 to 30, B | ← | ← | 1/4000 to 30, B | ← | |||
| X-sync [sec.] | 1/300 | 1/200 | 1/250 | 1/200 | ← | ||||
| Auto focus | AF points | 45 points (39 cross points + 6 points) |
9 points (cross points) + 6 assist points |
19 points (all cross points) |
9 points (center cross point) |
← | |||
| Focusing brightness range [EV] | -1 to 18 | -0.5 to 18 | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Drive | Continuous shooting speed [approx. fps] |
Max: 10 / Min: 3 | 3.9 | 8 | 3.7 | 3.4 | |||
| Max. burst [approx. frames] [() frames when using a UDMA card] *2 |
JPEG Large | 85 (121) | - | - | - | - | |||
| JPEG Large / Fine | - | 78 | 94 (126) | 34 | 170 | ||||
| RAW | 26 (28) | 13 | 15 (15) | 6 | 9 | ||||
| RAW + JPEG | 20 (20) | 8 (8) | 6 (6) | 3 | 4 | ||||
| Exposure control | Exposure sensor zones | 63 | 35 | 63 | ← | 35 | |||
| Metering modes | Evaluative / Partial / Spot / Center-weighted average |
← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Metering range [EV] | 0 to 20 | 1 to 20 | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| ISO speeds | Auto | 100 to 12800 | 100 to 3200 | ← | Basic Zone: 100 to 3200 Creative Zone: 100 to 6400 |
100 to 1600 | |||
| Manual | 100 to 12800 | 100 to 6400 | ← | ← | 100 to 3200 | ||||
| Extended | L: 50 / H1: 25600, H2: 51200, H3: 102400 |
L: 50 / H1: 12800, H2: 25600 |
H: 12800 | ← | 6400, H: 12800 |
||||
| Live View shooting | AF modes | Live / Face Detection Live / Quick | ← | ← | ← | ← | |||
| Movie shooting | Compression method | MPEG-4 AVC / H.264 | ← | ← | ← | ← | |||
| Audio recording format (sampling rate / bits) |
Linear PCM (48 KHz / 16 bit) | ← | ← | ← | Linear PCM (44.1 KHz / 16 bit) | ||||
| Movie recording format | MOV | ← | ← | ← | ← | ||||
| Exposure control | Auto / M | Auto / Tv / Av / M | Auto / M | ← | Auto | ||||
| ISO speeds | Auto | 100 to 12800 | 100 to 6400 | ← | ← | 100 to 1600 | |||
| Manual (in manual exposure mode only) |
100 to 12800 | 100 to 6400 | 100 to 6400 | ← | - | ||||
| Extended | H1: 25600, H2: 51200, H3: 102400 |
H1: 12800 | H: 12800 | - | - | ||||
| Recommended recording media | CF cards: 8MB/sec. or better SD cards: 6MB/sec. or better |
8MB/sec. or better |
← | 6MB/sec. or better |
← | ||||
| Starting and ending cuts (basic editing) |
Yes | - | Yes | ← | - | ||||
| LCD monitor | Screen size [inches]/ Display dots [approx.] |
3.0 / 920,000 | ← | ← | 3.0 widescreen / 1.04 million | 3.0 / 920,000 | |||
| Brightness adjustment (auto/manual) | No / Yes | Yes / Yes | ← | No / Yes | ← | ||||
| HDMI output / video output | Yes (Type C) / Yes | ← | ← | Yes (Type C), CEC compatible / Yes | Yes (Type C) / Yes |
||||
| Power source | Battery | LP-E4 | LP-E6 | ← | LP-E8 | LP-E5 | |||
| Shooting capacity (23°C / 0°C) [approx. frames] |
Finder shooting | 1500 / 1200 | 850 / 750 | 800 / 750 | 440 / 400 | 400 / 380 | |||
| Live View shooting | 270 / 230 | 200 / 180 | 220 / 210 | 180 / 150 | 170 / 160 | ||||
| Movie recording duration (23°C / 0°C) [approx.] |
2 hours 40 min. / 2 hours 20 min. |
1 hour 30 min. / 1 hour 20 min. |
1 hour 20 min. / 1 hour 10 min. |
1 hour 40 min. / 1 hour 20 min. |
1 hour 10 min. / 1 hour |
||||
| Battery display | Yes | ← | ← | - | - | ||||
| Size / Weight | Dimensions (w × h × d) [mm] CIPA standard) |
156.4 × 156.6 × 85.9 | 152.2 × 113.5 × 75 | 148.2 × 110.7 × 78.2 | 128.8 × 97.5 × 75.3 | ← | |||
| Weight [approx. grams] (CIPA standard) |
1370 | 905 | 910 | 530 | ← | ||||
| Launch date | Dec.2009 | Nov.2008 | Sep.2009 | Feb.2010 | Apr.2009 | ||||
Table 2: Specification comparison of EOS Movie-equipped models
*1 Firmware Ver. 2.0.3 or higher,
*2 Figures in parentheses for the EOS-1D Mark IV indicate the number of frames when using a UDMA mode 6 compatible CF card
● Please be informed that the next Technical report (May 2010) will not be published.